Amlodipine chemical structure
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Amlodipine

Amlodipine (as besylate or malleate) is a long-acting calcium channel blocker used as an anti-hypertensive and in the treatment of angina. Amlodipine is marketed as Norvasc® and under various other names. As other calcium channel blockers, amlodipine acts by relaxing the smooth muscle in the arterial wall, decreasing peripheral resistance and hence improving blood pressure; in angina it improves blood flow to the myocardium. It was developed under the direction of Dr. Simon Campbell. more...

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Side effects

Some side effects of the use of amlodipine may be:

  • Very often: peripheral edema (feet and ankles) - in 1 of 10 users
  • Often: dizzyness, palpitations, muscle, stomach or headache, dyspepsia, nausea - in 1 in 100 users
  • Sometimes: blood disorders, development of breasts in men (gynecomastia), impotence, depression, insomnia, tachycardia - in 1 in 1,000 users
  • Rarely: erratic behavior, hepatitis, jaundice - in 1 in 10,000 users
  • Very rarely: hyperglycemia, tremor, Stevens-Johnson syndrome - in 1 in 100,000 users

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Influence Of The Calcium Antagonist Amlodipine On Left Ventricular Mass And Function In Patients With Essential Hypertension - Abstract
From CHEST, 10/1/99 by Djoko Trihadi

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of antihypertensive treatment with the calcium antagonist amlodipine on left ventricular structure and systolic and diastalic function in patients with essential hypertension.

Methods: Fifty-six patients (mean age 56 [+ or -] 6 years) with mild to moderate essential hypertension (diastolic blood pressure 95 to 114 m Hg) underwent M-mode echocardiography guided by 2-dimensional echocardiography and pulsed Doppler examination of transmitral blood flow at baseline and after 1 and 6 months' treatment with amlodipine (10 mg/day).

Results: Blood pressure level significantly decreased during treatment. Left ventricular mass index also decreased during the study period (from 143 [+ or -] 5 g/m2 at baseline to 128 [+ or -] 3 g/m2 after treatment; p [is less than] 0.01). Fractional shortening was not significantly modified during treatment. The peak velocity of early filling (E) increased progressively (0.54 [+ or -] 0.5 vs 0.63 [+ or -] 0.6 m/sec; p [is less than] 0,01), while the peak velocity of late filling (A) did not change significantly; therefore, the E/A ratio increased from 1.1 [+ or -] 0.1 to 1.24 [+ or -] 0.1 (p [is less than] 0,01).

Conclusion: This study demonstrated a significant decrease in left ventricular mass during treatment with the calcium antagonist amlodipine, and maintenance of left ventricular systolic performance after reversal of myocardial hypertrophy. Moreover, the decrease in left ventricular mass was associated with significantly improved diastolic filling.

Clinical Implications: The present study demonstrated the usefulness of amlodipine in reversing left ventricular hypertrophy, maintaining left ventricular systolic performance, and improving diastolic filling.

Supported by: Pfizer Pharmaceuticals

Djoko Trihadi(*) and R Hardjalukita. Department of Internal Medicine, Municipal Hospital, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia.

COPYRIGHT 1999 American College of Chest Physicians
COPYRIGHT 2000 Gale Group

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