Doxorubicin chemical structure
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Doxorubicin

Doxorubicin or adriamycin is a DNA-interacting drug widely used in chemotherapy. It is an anthracycline and structurely closely related to daunomycin, and also intercalates DNA. It is commonly used in the treatment of uterine cancer and ovarian cancer, as well as some other cancers. more...

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Doxil® is a liposome-encapsulated dosage form of doxorubicin made by Johnson & Johnson. Its main benefits are a reduction in cardiotoxicity. It follows the similar preparation of daunorubicin in a liposomal carrier.

Mechanism of Action

Doxorubicin acts by binding to DNA where it can inhibit the progression of the enzyme topoisomerase II, which unwinds DNA for transcription. Doxorubicin stabilises the topoisomerase II complex after it has broken the DNA chain for replication, preventing the DNA double helix from being resealed and thereby stopping the process of replication.

Side Effects

Acute side-effects of doxorubicin are nausea, vomiting, decrease in white blood cells and hair loss. When the cumulative dose of doxorubicin reaches 450mg/m2, the risk of congestive heart failure dramatically increases.

Clinical Use

Doxorubicin is a commonly used to treat Hodgkins disease, breast cancer, lung cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, Kahlers disease.

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Liposomal doxorubicin potentially useful for the treatment of angiosarcoma - Washington Whispers - Brief Article
From Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 12/1/02

In this article, an elderly man suffering from an angiosarcoma of the scalp, who was not a surgical candidate, was treated with liposomal doxorubicin (Caelyx(R)). After administration of two cycles of chemotherapy, the scalp angiosarcoma showed a clear regression. A complete remission of all skirt lesions and an involved cervical lymph node was seen after 6 cycles of treatment. Liposomal and pegylated doxorubicin, a cytostatic drug belonging to the anthracyclines, has already shown to be effective and mostly well tolerated in the therapy of acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related Kaposi's sarcoma and very recently in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, too. Liposomal doxorubicin appears to be a promising alternative for the treatment of angiosarcoma.

Eiling S, Lischner S, Busch JO, Rothaupt D, Christophers E, Hauschild A. Complete remission of a radio-resistant cutaneous angiosarcoma of the scalp by systemic treatment with liposomal doxorubicin. Br J Dermatol 2002 Jul; 147(1):150-3.

COPYRIGHT 2002 Journal of Drugs in Dermatology
COPYRIGHT 2003 Gale Group

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