Erythropoietic protoporphyria

Divergent Optimum Levels of Lycopene, beta-Carotene and Lutein Protecting Against UVB Irradiation in Human Fibroblasts(para)

ABSTRACT

Exposure of living organisms to UV light leads to photooxidative reactions. Peroxyl radicals are involved in the propagation of lipid peroxidation. Carotenoids are dietary antioxidants and show photoprotective effects in human skin, efficiently scavenging peroxyl radicals and inhibiting lipid peroxidation. Cultured human skin fibroblasts were used to examine the protective effects of the carotenoids, lycopene, beta-carotene and lutein on UVB-induced lipid peroxidation. The carotenoids were delivered to the cells using liposomes as the vehicle. The cells were exposed to UVB light for 20 min. Lycopene, beta-carotene and lutein were capable of decreasing UV-induced formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances at 1 h to levels 40-50% of controls free of carotenoids. The amounts of carotenoid needed for optimal protection were divergent at 0.05, 0.40 and 0.30 nmol/mg protein for lycopene, beta-carotene and lutein, respectively. Beyond the optimum levels, further increases of carotenoid levels in cells led to prooxidant effects.

Abbreviations: BHT, butylated hydroxytoluene; DMEM, Dulbecco modified Eagle medium; DPPC, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-phosphatidylcholine; HBSS, Hank's balanced salt solution; HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography; MDA, malondialdehyde; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances.

INTRODUCTION

Acknowledgement-Supported by the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Bonn (Leitprojekt: Verbesserte gesundheitliche Qualitat von Lebensmitteln dutch Carotinoide). O.E. is a stipendiary of the "Graduiertenkolleg Toxikologie and Umwelthygiene" of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bonn. H.S. is a Fellow of the National Foundation of Cancer Research, Bethesda.

(para)Posted on the web site on 22 February 2002.

*To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Institut fur Physiologische Chemie I, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat DUsseldorf, P.O. Box 101007, D-40001 Dusseldorf, Germany. Fax: 49-211-- 811-3029; e-mail: wilhelm.stahl@uni-duesseldorf.de

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Olaf Eichler, Helmut Sies and Wilhelm Stahl*

Institut fur Physiologische Chemie I and Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany

Received 16 October 2001; accepted 14 February 2002

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