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Estradiol

Estradiol (17-beta estradiol) is a sex hormone. Labelled the "female" hormone but also present in males it represents the major estrogen in humans. Critical for sexual functioning, estradiol also supports bone growth. more...

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Synthesis

Estradiol, like other sex steroids, is derived from cholesterol. After side chain cleavage and either utilizing the delta-5 pathway or the delta-4 pathway androstenedione is the key intermediary. Androstendione is either converted to testosterone which in turn undergoes aromatization to estradiol, or, alternatively, androstendione is aromatized to estrone which is converted to estradiol.

Conversion of testosterone to estradiol:

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Bristol-Myers Squibb. and an estrogen . - Branded News - Gets FDA approval last month for Ovcon 35, a spearmint-flavored, chewable oral contraceptive containing
From Drug Store News, 12/15/03 by James Frederick

Bristol-Myers Squibb received FDA approval last month for Ovcon 35, a spearmint-flavored, chewable oral contraceptive containing a progestin (norethindrone) and an estrogen (ethinyl estradiol).

A study presented at the American Heart Association's annual meeting found that patients taking Pfizer's cholesterol-lowering medication Lipitor (atorvastatin calcium) had a significant reduction in the progression of atherosclerosis compared with patients taking Pravachol (pravastatin). Researchers measured- the total plaque volume in a cross-section of the artery wall over the length of the vessel. They found that the study demonstrates the benefits of aggressively managing cholesterol levels to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis.

Late last month, the FDA approved Eli Lilly's Cialis (tadalafil) for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Clinical studies showed patients experienced improved sexual function within 30 minutes of taking the drug and experienced improved ED for up to 36 hours following dosing. Twenty-two clinical trials in more than 4,000 patients showed Cialis was effective in treating ED in patients ages 27 to 87.

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