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Glioblastoma multiforme

Glioblastoma multiforme, (GBM) also known as grade 4 astrocytoma is the most common and aggressive type of primary brain tumor, accounting for 52 percent of all primary brain tumors cases. more...

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Medicines

Treatment can involve chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. The 5 year survival rate of the disease has remained unchanged over the past 30 years, and stands at less than three percent. Even with complete resection of the tumor, combined with the best available treatment, the survival rate for GBM remains very low. Chromosomal aberrations like PTEN mutation, MDM2 mutation, and p53 mutation are commonly seen in these tumors. Growth factor aberrant signaling associated with EGFR, and PDGF are also seen. Tumors of this type may also infiltrate across the corpus callosum, producing a butterfly glioma.

Glioblastoma multiformes are characterized by the presence of small areas of necrotizing tissue that is surrounded by highly anaplastic cells. This characteristic differentiates the tumor from Grade 3 astrocytomas, which do not have necrotic tissue regions. Although glioblastoma multiforme can be formed from lower grade astrocytomas, post-mortem autopsies have revealed that most glioblastoma multiforme are not caused by previous lesions in the brain. Metastasis of GBM beyond the Central Nervous System is extremely rare.

A variant of glioblastoma multiforme is known as gliomatosis cerebri. Instead of a solid tumor, the cancerous cells are more scattered and diffuse. This variant preserves the architecture of the brain, but causes the affected portion of the brain to swell. It is extremely difficult to diagnose.

Symptoms

Although common symptoms of the disease can include seizure, headache, and hemiparesis, the single most prevalent symptom is a progressive memory, personality, or neurological deficit. The kind of symptoms produced highly depends on the location of the tumor, more so than on its pathological properties. The tumor can start producing symptoms quickly, but occasionally is asymptomatic until it reaches an enormous size. Unlike oligodendrogliomas, glioblastoma multiformes can form in either the gray matter or white matter of the brain. The symptoms can be relieved, on a primary approach, by the administration of chorticotherapy. These drugs act by rearranging the blood-brain barrier and thus reducing brain oedema. Apart from this, not many different drugs have any kind of importance on this situation. Anti-convulsants, analgesics and stomach protection drugs are usually prescribed.

A Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan is necessary to characterize the anatomy of this tumor (size, location, heter/homogeneity). However, final diagnosis of this tumor, like most tumors, relies on histopathologic examination (biopsy examination) after biopsy or surgery.

Treatment

Treatment of primary brain tumors and brain metastases consists of both supportive and definitive therapies.

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Glioblastoma Multiforme $94.66 Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, And Annotated Research Guide To Internet References $55.06
Stereotactic radiosurgery for malignant brain tumors: the patient's perspective. : An article from: Journal of Neuroscience Nursing $5.95 Glioblastoma multiforme in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: case report and review of literature.(Case Report) : An article from: Neurology India $5.95
Rae of Hope $0.13 Prognostic significance of seizure in patients with glioblastoma multiforme.(Original Article) : An article from: Neurology India $5.95
Volumetric analysis of (18)F-FDG PET in glioblastoma multiforme: Prognostic information and possible role in definition of target volumes in radiation ... from: The Journal of Nuclear Medicine $20.00 Inhibition of HDM2 oncogene expression as a novel approach to the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme : (Dissertation) $55.00
Cerebellar hemisphere, an uncommon location for pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma and lipidized glioblastoma multiformis.(Case Report) : An article from: Neurology India $5.95 Glioblastoma multiforme with long term survival.(Case Reports) : An article from: Neurology India $5.95

Fluorescence Lifetime Spectroscopy of Glioblastoma Multiforme¶
ABSTRACT Fluorescence spectroscopy of the endogenous emission of brain tumors has been researched as a potentially important method for the intraoperative ...
Alzheimer pathology in elderly patients with glioblastoma multiforme
Context.-Alzheimer disease (AD) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) have similar peak, age-specific incidence rates; however, to my knowledge, only 1 case of GBM associated with AD has been reported
Glioblastoma multiforme
INTRODUCTION * Glioblastoma is the most common primary tumor of the CNS, making up 40% to 50% of all gliomas and 11% to 13% of all brain tumors. * The ...
Differential expression of (beta)-catenin in human glioblastoma multiforme and normal brain tissue
Angiogenesis is considered to play an important role in the development of malignant brain tumors, especially glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Abnormal vascular construction with a glomeruloid appearan
Evaluation of epithelial and keratin markers in glioblastoma multiforme: An immunohistochemical study
Objective.-Poorly differentiated metastatic carcinoma may be difficult to distinguish histologically from highgrade astrocytic malignant neoplasms, particularly ...
Asthma and allergies may reduce risk
Having asthma, hay fever, or another allergic condition may reduce the risk of developing one fatal form of brain cancer, suggests a study from Ohio ...
TEMODAL ® After Surgery Significantly Improves Survival in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Multiforme
Study Presented at European Cancer Conference (ECCO) Shows 18-Month Median and 37% Two-Year Survival in Patients Treated with TEMODAL (R) Following Complete Tumor Resections PARIS, Oct. 31 /PRNe
New brain cancer treatment - Guilford Pharmaceuticals Inc. receives approval to use gliadel wafers to deliver drugs to treat glioblastoma multiforme cancer
A recently approved implantable wafer is the first technology to deliver an anticancer drug directly to the site of a surgically removed brain tumor ...

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