Temazepam chemical structure
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Temazepam

Temazepam (Restoril, Normison) is a benzodiazepine commonly prescribed for insomnia and other sleep disorders. Like other benzodiazepines, its habit-forming potential is high and it should not be taken for more than four weeks. more...

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Until recently Temazepam was produced as a gel-filled capsule intended to be taken orally. However, it gained a certain notoriety in the United Kingdom, and especially Scotland, when it was discovered that if the capsules were melted and injected the effects were more potent and akin to alcohol. However, the liquid had a tendency to congeal in arteries and cause thrombosis and gangrene, in some cases requiring amputation.

The United States Air Force uses temazepam under trade name Restoril as "no-go pills" to help the pilots sleep after the mission. (Cf. the "go-pills", amphetamine served under the name Dexedrine as a stimulant for the pilots, or its recent modafinil replacement). Other drug used for the same purpose is zolpidem (Ambien).

More Common Side Effects

  • Dizziness
  • Drowsiness
  • Fatigue
  • Headache
  • Nausea
  • Nervousness
  • Sluggishness

Less Common Side Effects

  • Abdominal discomfort
  • Abnormal sweating
  • Agitation
  • Anxiety
  • Backache
  • Blurred vision
  • Burning eyes
  • Confusion
  • Constant involuntary movement of the eyeball
  • Depression
  • Diarrhea
  • Difficult or labored breathing
  • Dry mouth
  • Exaggerated feeling of well-being
  • Fluttery or throbbing heartbeat
  • Hallucinations
  • Hangover
  • Increased dreaming
  • Lack of coordination
  • Loss of appetite
  • Loss of equilibrium
  • Loss of memory
  • Nightmares
  • Over-stimulation
  • Restlessness
  • Tremors
  • Vertigo
  • Vomiting
  • Physical Weakness

Legalities

Temazepam is now a Class C drug in the UK and its possession illegal without a prescription. Additionally all UK manufacturers have discontinued the gel-capsules in favour of solid tablets. In the US, temazepam, like all benzodiazepines, is listed on Schedule IV and is only available by prescription. Certain states require specially coded prescriptions for this medication. Internationally, temazepam is a Schedule IV drug under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances.

Other Uses

From a recreational point of view, temazepam tablet dosages of roughly 20mg do little other than reduce anxiety. Some recreational users report a feeling for comfort and love. However, a higher dosage combined with alcohol quickly escalates to cause a worrying amount of memory loss (especially towards the latter part of the evening).

Trivia

The recreational effects of the drug were documented in the Black Grape album, It's Great When You're Straight... Yeah. The track 'Tramazi Parti' contains the lyric: I got my boots on the back of my head / It's full of jellies in the good old bed / And no one knows what no one said. Although there is no medical research confirming this behaviour, it is not inconsistent with the known side effects.

Read more at Wikipedia.org


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Not so beautiful game
From Mental Health Nursing, 7/1/05 by Donaghy, Gerard

Mental Health Nursing has, in the past, published articles that suggest following a football club is good for your mental health - for better or for worse. But Gerard Donaghy disagrees and he has the evidence base to back up his arguments

When I was still with my parents, I would occasionally suffer the ignominy of defeat while watching the so-called beautiful game of football on television, at which point my mother would utter the immortal, ignorant adage: 'Sure, it's only a game'.

No. It's very much more than just a game. Now my wife has to suffer my brooding presence as I trawl silently around our home in the wake of defeat. Yet at least she realises that offering the false hope of 'It's only a game' provides no solace.

She doesn't understand why I despair on such occasions, but at least realises that I have to, and leaves me grappling with my thoughts until I feel ready to face people again.

And why does it affect me so much? Well, for every fan, it's the - usually lifelong - process of aligning yourself with a side who you then must abide with through thick and thin. When you support a team you feel a part of it. There are 11 men on the field playing for you and the outcome has a direct effect on you, and, vice versa, - your support affects the result.

Perhaps that's why when your team wins the high is great, but when you lose you're prone to a gamut of emotions.

Guilt, that perhaps your support was lacking, normally in the form of 'It's my fault they lost as I didn't don my lucky 1996 away shirt'. Meanwhile as my better half will testify, obsessive compulsive disorder is a regular occurrence during televised games. For example, if environmental circumstances change and my team duly scores, I must then ensure everything stays as it was when we scored, as that random set of circumstances must surely have been 'good luck'. This scenario usually involves my wife entering the room and then not being allowed to leave until the game is over, or leaving the room and then not being permitted to return.

Anger is another common emotion. Anger at your team as you feel they didn't do enough to win and the emotion is intensified when you contemplate the humiliation you will face as a result of the taunts from your peers, and in some cases, complete strangers.

When a defeat has serious ramifications (such as Celtic's recent last gasp title loss to Rangers), the ensuing spiral of despair is, in my experience, comparable to the end of a long-term relationship.

Even had we won, I was particularly looking forward to a summer of relaxation, when each Saturday wouldn't see me become a bag of nerves, dominated by thoughts of whether or not my beloved Celts would manage to clinch victory away to the likes of Inverness Caledonian Thistle in their bid for league glory.

Well, so much for participation in sport being beneficial for our mental and physical well-being. Research shows that supporting a football team should carry a health warning. A study in Holland reported a significant increase in the number of fatal heart attacks and strokes among Dutchmen on the day the Netherlands were eliminated by France in Euro 1996(Witte et al, 2000) while similar research conducted in the north of England showed fans at club level are resigned to their fate - especially if you're a Sunderland supporter (Kirkup and Merrick, 2003).

And spare a thought for the Scots. A study published in the Scottish Medical Journal showed a huge increase in admissions to Edinburgh Royal Infirmary with football related problems during the 1998 World Cup. The afflictions ranged from a fan rushed to hospital suffering an asthma attack after watching his side lose 3-0 to Morocco, to a fan - sporting a full Scotland strip - who was found unconscious after having overdosed on temazepam. He required treatment for psychosis when he said the Scottish squad was talking to him through his television screen (BBC online, 2005)

I await the new season with obvious trepidation. MHN

References

BBC Online (2005) news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/ health/414881.stm (Accessed 26 May 2005)

Kirkup W and Merrick DW (2003) A matter of life and death: population mortality and football results. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health (57) 429-432

Witte D, Bots M et al (2000) Cardiovascular mortality in Dutch men during 1996 European football championship: longitudinal population study. British Medical Journal (321) 1552-155

Gerard Donaghy is assistant editor of Mental Health Nursing

Copyright Community Psychiatric Nurses Association Jul 2005
Provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights Reserved

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