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Formoterol

Formoterol belongs to the family of prescription-only medicines known as beta 2-agonists. It is used to help prevent the symptoms of asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), depending on the brand used, and is available in both dry-powder inhalers (DPIs) and pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDIs). more...

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Formoterol is a long-acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist (LABA), which is usually prescribed as a replacement to a short acting beta-2 adrenoceptor agonist, such as salbutamol, and a corticosteroid, such as beclometasone. The primary noticable difference of formoterol to salbutamol is that the duration is action lasts approximately 12 hours in comparison with 4-6 hours of salbutamol.

When used regularly every day as presecribed, inhaled formoterol decreases the number and severity of asthma attacks. However, it is not for use for relieving an asthma attack that has already started.

Inhaled formoterol works like other beta 2-agonists, causing bronchodilatation by relaxing the smooth muscle in the airway so as to treat the exacerbation of asthma. The long duration of formoterol action occurs by the formoterol molecules initially diffusing into the plasma membrane of the lung cells, and then slowly being released back outside the cell where they can come into contact with the beta-2 adrenoceptors. Formoterol has been demonstrated to have a faster onset of action than salmeterol as a result of a lower lipophilicity, and has also been demonstrated to be more potent - a 12 µg dose of formoterol has been demonstrated to be equivalent to a 50 µg dose of salmeterol.

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Formoterol: A Long Acting B2-Agonist for the Management of Asthma : An International Symposium Held During the Joint Meeting of Sep and Sepcr, London $198.83 FDA panel backs continued sale of 2 bronchodilators: safety concerns prompted panel's review.(News) : An article from: Family Practice News $5.95
Formoterol-A New-Generation B2-Agonist: An International Symposium Held During the 8th Congress of the European Society of Pneumology, Freiburg, Fede $197.05

Comparison of the short-term effects of salmeterol and formoterol on heart rate variability in adult asthmatic patients
Study objectives: We investigated the effects of [[beta].sub.2]-adrenergic agonists salmeterol and formoterol on heart rate variability (HRV) in adult ...
Formoterol added to low-dose budesonide has no additional antiinflammatory effect in asthmatic patients
Study objective: Adding inhaled long-acting [[beta].sub.2]-agonists to a low dose of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) results in better asthma control ...
Formoterol and asthma exacerbations
To the Editor: The paper by Mann et al (July 2003) (1) concludes that treatment with formoterol, 24 [micro]g bid, in patients with asthma may lead ...
Asthma exacerbations and formoterol
To the Editor: We read with interest the article by Dr. Mann and colleagues (1) in a recent issue of CHEST (July 2003), outlining risk of serious asthma exacerbations in asthmatics treated with h
Serious asthma exacerbations in asthmatics treated with high-dose formoterol - clinical investigations
Objective: To review three prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical studies of formoterol (Foradil Aerolizer; Novartis Pharmaceuticals; ...
Budesonide and formoterol in a single inhaler improves asthma control compared with increasing the dose of corticosteroid in adults with mild-to-moderate
Background: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of low-dose budesonide/formoterol, 80 [micro]g/4.5 [micro]g, bid in a single inhaler (Symbicort Turbuhaler; ...
Comparison of the effects of salmeterol and formoterol in patients with severe asthma - clinical investigations
Study objective: Several studies have demonstrated the superiority of salmeterol and formoterol to either regular treatment with albuterol or placebo.
Comparison of the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of formoterol dry powder and oral, slow-release theophylline in the treatment of COPD - chronic obstructive
Study objective: To compare the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of therapy with formoterol and oral slow-release theophylline (THEO) in patients with COPD. Design: A randomized, parallel-group

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