Marinol.
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Marinol

Marinol, a registered trademark of Unimed Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is the commercial name for a product containing dronabinol, which is synthetic Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol. more...

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Δ9-THC is a naturally occurring component of marijuana.

Marinol is the only FDA-approved cannabinoid and is prescribed as an appetite stimulant, primarily for AIDS and chemotherapy patients. Compare Sativex, a mouth spray for neuropathic pain of multiple sclerosis sufferers approved for use in Canada.

Many users complain that not only is the cost of Marinol greater than the cost of the amount of marijuana needed to produce the same effect, but it is also lacking in many of the properties of the whole plant, which contains hundreds of different cannabinoids. However, Marinol is available for free to those who can demonstrate their financial need to Roxane and Unimed Pharmaceuticals. In addition, it takes over an hour for Marinol to reach full effect, but its duration is longer and it is available in controlled dosages, avoiding the uncontrolled strengths that occur when smoking marijuana. It is difficult to maintain an exact level of effect (which is important to most medical users), as well as making its use difficult for people suffering from nausea and vomiting, since they often expel the medication before it takes effect.

Regulatory history

Since at least 1986, the trend has been for THC in general, and especially the Marinol preparation, to be downgraded to less and less stringently-controlled Schedules of controlled substances, in the U.S. and internationally.

On July 13, 1986, the Drug Enforcement Administration issued a Final Rule and Statement of Policy authorizing the "Rescheduling of Synthetic Dronabinol in Sesame Oil and Encapsulated in Soft Gelatin Capsules From Schedule I to Schedule II"(DEA 51 FR 17476-78). This permitted medical use of Marinol, albeit with the severe restrictions associated with Schedule II status. For instance, refills of Marinol prescriptions were not permitted. At its 1045th meeting, on April 29, 1991, the Commission on Narcotic Drugs, in accordance with article 2, paragraphs 5 and 6, of the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, decided that delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (also referred to as delta-9-THC) and its stereochemical variants should be transferred from Schedule I to Schedule II of that Convention. This released Marinol from the restrictions imposed by Article 7 of the Convention.

An abstract published in the April-June 1998 issue of the Journal of Psychoactive Drugs found that "Healthcare professionals have detected no indication of scrip-chasing or doctor-shopping among the patients for whom they have prescribed dronabinol". The authors suggested that Marinol had a low potential for abuse.

In 1999, Marinol was rescheduled from Schedule II to III of the Controlled Substances Act, reflecting a finding that THC had a potential for abuse less than that of LSD, cocaine, and heroin. This rescheduling comprised part of the argument for a 2002 petition for cannabis rescheduling in the United States, in which petitioner Jon Gettman noted, "Cannabis is a natural source of dronabinol (THC), the ingredient of Marinol™, a Schedule III drug. There are no grounds to schedule cannabis in a more restrictive schedule than Marinol™".

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CREATORS BRIEFS
From Dairy Field, 2/1/05

Specialty Polyols

SPl Polyols announces the addition of Maltisweet(TM) Crystalline Maltitol to its product line. Manufactured in the United States, the initial product offering will be three different particle size options packaged in 1,000-kilogram bulk bags and 25-kilogram paper bags. SPI is strategically focused on the continued growth of specialty polyols and their applications in North America and will work to customize particle size and packaging to meet the varied and growing needs of the market. - SPI Polyols Inc., (800) 789-9755, www.spipolyols.com

Gelatin Free

TIC Gums has developed a blend of gums and starches specifically designed for a consistent texture in yogurt applications. TIC Pretested® Dairyblend YG AG is a gelatin-free blend of starches, agar and pectin that provides a creamy mouthfeel for both vat set and cup set processes. TIC Pretested Dairyblend YG AG offers rapid hydration and a smooth mouthfeel and is also effective in reduced-carbohydrate formulations. The gelatin-free composition also has piqued the interest of yogurt makers recently after domestic cases of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) led to questions about animal byproducts. - TIC Gums Inc., (410) 273-7300, www.ticgums.com

Fish Oil Powders

Lipid Nutrition introduces two new marine-based omega-3 fatty acid products, the Marinol(TM) Omega-3 High-Stability Powder and Marinol DHA High-Stability Powder. Both products include the carbohydrate mannitol, which is used to improve stability and prevent the smell of fish oil when in powder form, for a variety of food and dietary supplement applications. These new powders overcome the taste issues typically associated with other marine-based fish-oil products and deliver increased stability in food applications and storage. Marinol powder products are GRAS and can be easily dry blended with other ingredients, making it ideal for milk, beverage and bakery applications bakery applications. - Lipid Nutrition, (815) 730-5200, www.lipidnutrition.com

Probiotic Vitality

Preserving the activity of live cultures during processing, storage and digestion is difficult due to their high susceptibilities to oxygen, shear, heat and acids. New research shows that adding inulin, a prebiotic food ingredient, protects probiotics during processing and transit through the digestive tract. Previous studies have shown that oligofructose has a positive effect on the survival of probiotic cultures in fermented dairy products during processing and shelf life. While this research shows that probiotic bacteria are still viable at the time of consumption, it does not indicate whether the bacteria are vital enough to survive the severe stress of digestive conditions. Orafti tested yogurt to determine if Raftilose inulin also promotes the survival of probiotic bacteria during digestion in the body. Findings show that Raftilose inulin protects probiotics through both storage and digestion. The clean flavor and formulating flexibility of inulin appears ideal for use in synergy with probiotics in processed food applications. - Orafti Active Food Ingredients, (610) 889-9828, www.orafti-us.com

Copyright Stagnito Publishing Feb 2005
Provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights Reserved

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