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Oxytetracycline

Oxytetracycline is known as a broad-spectrum antibiotic due to its activity against such a wide range of infections. It was the second of the Tetracyclines to be discovered. more...

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History

It was first found near Pfizer laboratories in a soil sample yielding the soil bacillus, Streptomyces rimosus. In 1953, a celebrated American biochemist, Robert B Woodward, son of a Scottish immigrant woman, worked out the chemical structure of Oxytetracycline, enabling Pfizer to mass produce the drug under the tradename, Terramycin. This discovery by Woodward was a major advancement in Tetracycline research and eventually lead to the synthesis of an Oxytetracycline derivative, Doxycycline, probably the most commonly used Tetracycline nowadays.

Indications

Oxytetracycline, like other Tetracyclines, is used to treat many infections common and rare (see Tetracycline antibiotics group). Its better absorption profile makes it preferable to tetracycline for moderately severe acne at a dosage of 250-500mg four times a day for usually 6-8 weeks at a time, but alternatives sould be sought if no improvement occurs by 3 months.

It is often used to treat Spirochaetal infection and Clostridium wound infection in patients sensitive to Penicillin.

The standard dose is 250-500mg six hourly by mouth. In particularly severe infections this dose may be increased accordingly. Occasionally, Oxytetracycline is given by intramuscular injection or topically in the form of cream or eyedrops.

Vetenary indications

Oxytetracycline is used to control the outbreak of American Foulbrood and European Foulbrood in honeybees.

Formulation

Tablets containing 250mg Tablets of Oxytetracycline as the dihydrate.

Read more at Wikipedia.org


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Crop Protection 2005
From American Vegetable Grower, 2/1/05

AVG highlights the latest fungicide releases and label change information.

AGRAQUEST

www.agraquest.com

* AgraQuest's liquid formulation of Serenade (Bacillus subtilis) biofungicide was approved by EPA for organic farming in early 2004 under the National Organic Program. Serenade ASO now has the additional certification of OMRI, the Organic Materials Review Institute.

* In January, an improved version of the biofungicide Serenade MAX was made available. The product provides effective, broad-spectrum control of fungal and bacterial diseases of vegetables and fruits. A reduced amount of inert material is used in the formula, resulting in a higher biomass and more antifungal compounds in Serenade MAX.

* Chosen from more than 600 private companies, AgraQuest Inc. also is on Red Herring's list of top 100 private technology companies for its strong business model, financials, and management team.

AGRISEL USA

www.agrisel.com

* Agrisel Bio Phos systemic fungicide can be used in some ag crops to control major disease and fungus problems. Agrisel Bio Phos is a biorational product, produced in the U.S. and formulated from high-quality ingredients.

ARVESTA

www.arvesta.com

* Arvesta's CaptEvate 68WDG fungicide can be used on strawberries in California. The product is a combination of captan and Elevate (fenhexamid).

BASF

www.agproducts.basf.com

* Acrobat 50 WP (dimethomorph) from BASF can be used for downy mildew suppression in leafy brassica greens. Acrobat is labeled for use on potatoes, tomatoes, bulb vegetables, and lettuce.

* Endura (boscalid) has been registered by the California Department of Pesticide Regulation for use on lettuce, tomatoes, potatoes, beans, and peppers. Endura (boscalid) from BASF received a supplemental label for use on head and stem brassicas and leafy brassica greens.

BAYER CROPSCIENCE

www.bayercropscienceus.com

* Previcur Flex (propamocarb) from Bayer CropScience is approved in all major vegetable-producing states with the exception of California. It is registered for use on greenhouse tomatoes. Previcur controls Pythium and has a two-day PHI.

* Reason (fenamidone) received EPA approval for use on potatoes, tomatoes, lettuce, cucurbits, and onions to control downy mildew, late blight, and early blight. The first target for the product is early and late blight on potatoes.

* Scala (pyrimethanil) is a new fungicide that provides control against a broad spectrum of diseases. A reduced risk fungicide, Scala controls Botrytis gray mold in strawberries, Botrytis leaf spot, neck rot, and purple blotch in onions and other bulb vegetables; early blight and gray mold in tomatoes; and early blight in potatoes and other tuberous and corm vegetables. State registrations are pending in Arizona, California, Massachusetts, and New York.

CEREXAGRI

www.cerexagri.com

* Topsin 4.5FL (thiophanatemethyl) fungicide from Cerexagri Inc. is registered in New York state for use on a variety of fruits and vegetables. Topsin 4.5FL is a water-based flowable formulation containing 4.5 pounds of active ingredient per gallon.

* Cerexagri's Topsin M WSB also received the nod in New York state for use on potatoes to control white mold.

* Cerexagri, Inc. and Taminco Inc., a leading producer of mono-, di-, and trimethylamines, created a strategic alliance to produce and market Ziram fungicide in the U.S. Ziram inhibits spore germination and mycellium growth by interfering with enzymes involved in the respiration process. The fungicide is for use on tomatoes and some fruits.

CERTIS USA

www.certisusa.com

* Control of cobweb disease on mushrooms has been added to the Trilogy (extract of neem oil) label. For organic production, Trilogy is a fungicide/miticide/insecticide.

CROMPTON CROP PROTECTION

www.cromptoncorp.com

* Procure SOWS (triflumizole) fungicide from Crompton Crop Protection is registered in Arizona for control of powdery mildew on cucurbits and strawberries.

DUPONT

www.dupont.com/ag/products

* A fungicide for potatoes, peppers and tomatoes, Tanos (cymoxanil), received a section 3 label in 2004. Labels are pending in California and New York.

FLUENCE LLC

www.agrichem.com.au

* Fluence LLC, a division of Agrichem of Australia, has launched Agri-Fos (potassium phosphite) systemic fungicide in U.S. fruit and vegetable markets.

GROWTH PRODUCTS

www.growthproducts.com

* Companion dry concentrate was granted a zerohour REI label by EPA. Containing Bacillus subtilis GB03, the product can be used by custom soil blenders and may be used in greenhouse operations on food crops.

NATURAL INDUSTRIES

www.naturalindustries.com

* Actinovate SP (Streptomyces lydlcus strain WYEC 108) from Natural Industries is a biological fungicide that is a 100% soluble powder labeled for use against a broad spectrum of soilborne diseases such as Pythium, Phytopthora, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Verticillium and other root decay fungi. It is also labeled as an indoor foliar spray for diseases such as powdery mildew, Botrytis, Alternaria and others. Actinovate SP is labeled for greenhouse and nursery crops. It received an exemption from tolerance and may be used on and with all food crops.

NUFARM AMERICAS

www.nufarm.com

* Nufarm purchased Agri-Mycin 17 (streptomycin) and Mycoshield (oxytetracycline) from Syngenta Crop Protection in late 2003. AgriMycin 17 is used on a variety of vegetables.

* Post-harvest potato applications for the suppression of late blight and pink rot were added to the Phostrol (phosphorous acid) label in 2004.

SYNGENTA

www.syngentacropprotection-us.com

* Quadris opti, a pre-mix that combines the active ingredients in Quadris (azoxystrobin) and Bravo WeatherStik (chlorothalonil), can be used on potatoes and a variety of vegetables.

Direct comments or questions about this article to rogordon@meistermedia.com.

Copyright Meister Media Worldwide Feb 2005
Provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights Reserved

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