Find information on thousands of medical conditions and prescription drugs.

Strabismus

Strabismus, also known as "heterotropia", "squint", "crossed eye", "wandering eye", or "wall eyed", is a disorder in which the eyes do not point in the same direction. It typically involves a lack of coordination between the extraocular muscles which prevents bringing the gaze of each eye to the same point in space, preventing proper binocular vision, which may adversely affect depth perception. The cause of strabismus can be a disorder in one or both of the eyes; for example, nearsightedness or farsightedness, making it impossible for the brain to fuse two different images. more...

Home
Diseases
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
Sabinas brittle hair...
Saccharopinuria
Sacral agenesis
Saethre-Chotzen syndrome
Salla disease
Salmonellosis
Sandhoff disease
Sanfilippo syndrome
Sarcoidosis
Say Meyer syndrome
Scabies
Scabiophobia
Scarlet fever
Schamberg disease...
Schistosomiasis
Schizencephaly
Schizophrenia
Schmitt Gillenwater Kelly...
Sciatica
Scimitar syndrome
Sciophobia
Scleroderma
Scrapie
Scurvy
Selachophobia
Selective mutism
Seminoma
Sensorineural hearing loss
Seplophobia
Sepsis
Septo-optic dysplasia
Serum sickness
Severe acute respiratory...
Severe combined...
Sezary syndrome
Sheehan syndrome
Shigellosis
Shingles
Shock
Short bowel syndrome
Short QT syndrome
Shprintzen syndrome
Shulman-Upshaw syndrome
Shwachman syndrome
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome
Shy-Drager syndrome
Sialidosis
Sickle-cell disease
Sickle-cell disease
Sickle-cell disease
Siderosis
Silicosis
Silver-Russell dwarfism
Sipple syndrome
Sirenomelia
Sjogren's syndrome
Sly syndrome
Smallpox
Smith-Magenis Syndrome
Sociophobia
Soft tissue sarcoma
Somniphobia
Sotos syndrome
Spasmodic dysphonia
Spasmodic torticollis
Spherocytosis
Sphingolipidosis
Spinal cord injury
Spinal muscular atrophy
Spinal shock
Spinal stenosis
Spinocerebellar ataxia
Splenic-flexure syndrome
Splenomegaly
Spondylitis
Spondyloepiphyseal...
Spondylometaphyseal...
Sporotrichosis
Squamous cell carcinoma
St. Anthony's fire
Stein-Leventhal syndrome
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Stickler syndrome
Stiff man syndrome
Still's disease
Stomach cancer
Stomatitis
Strabismus
Strep throat
Strongyloidiasis
Strumpell-lorrain disease
Sturge-Weber syndrome
Subacute sclerosing...
Sudden infant death syndrome
Sugarman syndrome
Sweet syndrome
Swimmer's ear
Swyer syndrome
Sydenham's chorea
Syncope
Syndactyly
Syndrome X
Synovial osteochondromatosis
Synovial sarcoma
Synovitis
Syphilis
Syringomas
Syringomyelia
Systemic carnitine...
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Systemic mastocytosis
Systemic sclerosis
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Medicines

When strabismus is congenital or develops in infancy, it can cause amblyopia, in which the brain ignores input from the deviated eye although it is capable of normal sight. Since strabismus can cause amblyopia, which is sometimes referred to as lazy eye, it is sometimes itself inaccurately referred to as lazy eye.

In addition to the visual problem, strabismus can be considered a cosmetic problem owing to the appearance of the deviated eye. One study reported that 85% of adult strabismus patients "reported that they had problems with work, school and sports because of their strabismus". The same study also reported that 70% said strabismus "had a negative effect on their self-image" .

Types

Strabismus may be concomitant or incomitant. Concomitant strabismus means that the strabismus is equal regardless of which direction the gaze is targeted. This indicates that the individual extraocular muscles function individually, but that they may simply not be aimed at the same target. Concomitant strabismus in a child under the age of 6 rarely indicates serious neurologic disorder. Blindness in one eye usually causes concomitant strabismus, with the eye of a child turning inward, and that of an adult turning outward.

Incomitant strabismus occurs when the degree of misalignment varies with the direction of gaze. This indicates that one or more of the extraocular muscles may not be functioning normally. Types of strabismus include:

  • esotropia, or one eye turning inward;
  • exotropia, or one eye turning outward;
  • hypertropia, or one eye turning upward.
  • hypotropia, or one eye turning downward.

Medial strabismus manifests as the inability to abduct (move laterally) one's eye. This is usually caused by damage to the abducens nerve or abducens nucleus. The result is that the eye in its normal resting state deviates medially, as the movements of the medial rectus muscle are less opposed by the denervated lateral rectus muscle.

Pseudostrabismus is the false appearance of strabismus. It generally occurs in infants and toddlers whose bridge of their nose is wide and flat. This causes the appearance of strabismus. With age the child's bridge of their nose will narrow and the folds in the corner of the eyes will go away. To detect the difference between pseudostrabismus and strabismus use a flashlight and shine it in the child's eyes. When the child is looking at the light a reflection can be seen on the front surface of the pupil. If the eyes are properly aligned with one another then the reflection will be in the same spot of each eye. If strabismus is present, then the reflection from the light will not be in the same spot of each eye.

Read more at Wikipedia.org


[List your site here Free!]


Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus $174.65 Strabismus Surgery : Basic and Advanced Strategies (American Academy of Ophthalmology Monograph Series) $59.00
Management of Strabismus and Amblyopia: A Practical Guide $65.90

Strabismus
Strabismus is a condition in which the eyes do not point in the same direction. It can also be referred to as a tropia or squint.
Strabismus
An eye disorder characterized by crossed or misaligned eyes.
Aligning eyes: straightening out strabismus - includes related article
Healthy eyes move together in unison to send similar images to the brain. When that unison fails because of muscle imbalance, the eyes become misaligned.
Therapeutic poison - botulinum toxin used to treat blepharospasm and strabismus
Botulinum toxin, long an outcast in culinary circles, is one of the most potent positons known. But it is currently finding gainful employment in the ...
AAP clinical report on diabetic retinopathy
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), in conjunction with the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, released a clinical ...
Growth as a corrective force in the early treatment of progressive infantile scoliosis
This prospective study of 136 children with progressive infantile scoliosis treated under the age of four years, and followed up for nine years, shows ...
Diagnosis and management of fragile X syndrome
To complement the 2005 Annual Clinical Focus on medical genomics, AFP will be publishing a series of short reviews on genetic syndromes. This series ...
Good on their feet: 'Dirty Rotten Scoundrels' & 'Spelling Bee'
The art of the con is alive and well--just take a look at my mailbox. The latest Williams Sonoma catalog suggests that I buy a hand-forged branding iron for monogramming steaks; a brushed-stainless

Home Contact Resources Exchange Links ebay