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Ectrodactyly

In biology, dactyly is the arrangement of digits (fingers and toes) on the hands, feet, or sometimes wings of an animal. It comes from the Greek word δακτυλος, meaning "finger". more...

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Sometimes the ending "-dactylia" is used. The adjectival forms end with "-dactyl" or "-dactylous".

By number

Pentadactyly is the condition of having five digits on each limb. All land vertebrates are descended from an ancestor with a pentadactyl limb, although many groups of species have lost or transformed some or all of their digits.

Tetradactyly is the condition of having four digits on a limb, as in amphibians and many birds

Tridactyly is the condition of having three digits on a limb, as in some birds and ancestors of the horse such as Protohippus and Hipparion.

Bidactyly or didactyly is the condition of having two digits on each limb, as in the Two-toed Sloth, Choloepus didactylus. In humans this name is used for an abnormality in which the middle digits are missing, leaving only the thumb and fifth finger.

Monodactyly is the condition of having a single digit on a limb, as in modern horses.

Syndactyly is a condition where two or more digits are fused together. It occurs normally in some mammals, such as the siamang. It occurs as a rare abnormality in humans.

In birds

Anisodactyly is the most common arrangement of digits in birds, with three toes forward and one back. This is common in songbirds and other perching birds, as well as hunting birds like eagles, hawks, and falcons.

Syndactyly in birds is like anisodactyly, except that the third and fourth toes (the outer and middle forward-pointing toes) are fused together, as in the Belted Kingfisher, Ceryle alcyon.

Zygodactyly (from Greek ζυγον, a yoke) is an arrangement of digits in birds, with two toes facing forward (digits 2 and 3) and two back (digits 1 and 4). This arrangement is most common in arboreal species, particularly those that climb tree trunks or clamber through foliage. Zygodactyly occurs in the woodpeckers and flickers, nuthatches, and parrots.

Heterodactyly is like zygodactyly, except that it is digits 3 and 4 that point forward and digits 1 and 2 that point back. This is only found in trogons.

Other terms

An excess of digits is called hyperdactyly or polydactyly, such as in the extremely rare case that a person has six fingers or toes on a single hand or foot.

A lack of digits not caused by an amputation is called hypodactyly.

Ectrodactyly is the congenital absence of all or part of one or more fingers or toes. This term is used for a range of conditions from aphalangia (in which the some of the phalanges or finger bones are missing), to adactyly (the absence of a digit).

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With HBO drama 'Carnivale,' Walker embraces 'inner freak'
From Chicago Sun-Times, 2/25/05 by WILLIAM KECK

LOS ANGELES -- Ladies and gentleman, children of all ages, step behind the curtain if you dare and marvel at the Scorpion Queen!

During her 20 years reporting and anchoring Southern California newscasts, such an introduction would have deeply offended disability advocate Bree Walker, who was born with a congenital condition called ectrodactyly. Traditionally referred to as lobster- claw syndrome, the condition fused together the digits of her hands and feet into claw-like appendages.

Much of her on-camera career in the '80s and '90s was spent with her hands hidden beneath a news desk. Now Walker has finally embraced her "inner freak," she says, as one of the sideshow attractions on the dark HBO drama "Carnivale," airing at 8 p.m. Sundays.

"When I was a little kid, my oldest brother used to tease me that the only job I'd ever get would be in a carnival as a sideshow freak," she says. "I've spent all my professional life trying to act as if I were not different. I didn't realize how I'd been hiding the true me all these years."

Walker, 51, plays the glamorous, seductive "Scorpion Queen" Sabina, who is married to a half-man, half-woman named Bert/Bertha and was previously wed to dwarfed "Carnivale" proprietor Samson.

Her decision to play Sabina has caused controversy. Some advocacy groups have branded their former hero a traitor for appearing as a freak -- an offensive stereotype people with disabilities have tried to overcome. She has received nasty e-mails. Several speaking engagements have been canceled. But Walker says she pitched the character to "Carnivale" producers as an example of a woman who survived against all odds.

"Were I born in the '20s and working in the Depression-era Dust Bowl, I would have been lucky to have been Sabina," Walker says. "In those days, there were laws on the books that didn't allow people with deformities to be in public places during certain times of day, like meal times. So most people born with a physical deformity were either given away to an orphanage, drowned at birth or abandoned to the family closet or cellar." (Walker's grandfather abandoned her mother, who also was born with the disability.)

Besides ectrodactyly, Walker has something else in common with her character: multiple marriages. Thrice divorced, she was last married (from 1990 to 2000) to television sportscaster Jim Lampley, with whom she co-anchored KCBS news in Los Angeles.

"Jim and I got back together on and off for the past five years - - even talked about getting [remarried], but we couldn't quite get there," she says.

Gannett News Service

Copyright The Chicago Sun-Times, Inc.
Provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights Reserved.

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