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Peritonitis

Peritonitis is inflammation (often due to infection) of the peritoneum, which is a two-layered serous membrane covering both the surfaces of the organs that lie in the abdominal cavity and the inner surface of the abdominal cavity itself. Since it is frequently life-threatening, acute peritonitis is a medical emergency. The prognosis for untreated peritonitis is very poor. more...

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Medicines

Causes

A major cause of bacterial peritonitis is internal perforation of the gastrointestinal tract, contaminating the abdominal cavity with gastric contents and gut flora, the bacteria that live in the digestive tract. Perforation may result as a complication of an intestinal foreign body, colonic diverticulum, or a ruptured appendix, a possible consequence of untreated acute appendicitis. The possibility of peritonitis is the reason why acute appendicitis warrants fast treatment (generally, appendectomy), and other possible causes equally require laparotomy for inspection and treatment.

Signs and symptoms

Patients with peritonitis are frequently in great pain and may present in the fetal position with knees drawn up (this position reduces tension on abdominal muscles by compressing them). Since movement is painful, the abdomen is usually tender, and these patients may hold very still. The abdominal wall is usually rigid (Genuit and Napolitano, 2004). Pain may be localized or diffuse (Genuit and Napolitano, 2004). Patients may have nausea, vomiting, and fever (All Refer Health).

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Diagnostic dilemma.(primary pneumococcal peritonitis) : An article from: Pediatric News $5.95 Peritonitis: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, And Annotated Research Guide To Internet References $55.06
Bacteroides peritonitis associated with colon cancer in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient. (CASE HISTORIES).(Statistical Data Included) : An article from: Southern Medical Journal $5.95 Intestinal obstruction: Together with Peritonitis (The Classics of Surgery Library) $49.95
Serosal Membranes (Pleura, Pericardium, Peritoneum) : Normal Structure, Development and Experimental Pathology (Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology) $119.00 Surgical pathology of the peritoneum, (Hertzler's monographs on surgical pathology) $14.95
Peritonitis $88.49 Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis with Pasteurella multocida in cirrhosis: case report and review of literature.(Case Report) : An article from: Southern Medical Journal $5.95
Complement and immunoglobulin levels in serum and ascitic fluid of patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, malignant ascites, and tuberculous ... : An article from: Southern Medical Journal $5.95 Polymicrobial peritonitis including Pantoea agglomerans from teething on a catheter.(Letters to the Editor)(Letter to the Editor) : An article from: Southern Medical Journal $5.95

Peritonitis
Peritonitis is an inflammation of the membrane which lines the inside of the abdomen and all of the internal organs. This membrane is called the peritoneum.
Francisella tularensis peritonitis in stomach cancer patient
Tularemia with peritonitis developed in a 50-year-old man soon after diagnosis of stomach cancer with metastasis. The ascites grew Francisella tularensis ...
Shortcut to peritonitis
A 52-YEAR-OLD MAN performing continuous cyclic peritoneal dialysis (CCPD) therapy at home noticed that a section of his cycler tubing felt rougher than ...
Mycobacterial peritonitis in pediatric peritoneal dialysis patients
Ferrara, E., Lemire, J., Grimm, P. C., Reznik, V. M., Mendoza, S. A., Leake, J. A., and Benador, N. M. Mycobacterial peritonitis in pediatrie peritoneal ...
Diet restriction impairs extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation of peritoneal exudative cells after N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine stimulation
Diet Restriction Impairs Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Activation of Peritoneal Exudative Cells After N-Formyl-MethionylLeucyl-Phenylalanine Stimulation ...
Malnutrition impairs CD11b/CD18 expression on circulating polymorphonuclear neutrophils and subsequent exudation into inflammatory sites in the early phase
ABSTRACT. Background: The effects of malnutrition on polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) exudation are not well understood. The purpose of this study was ...
Evaluation and management of secondary peritonitis - adapted from the Annals of Surgery 1996;224:10-8 - Tips from Other Journals
Peritonitis is defined as inflammation of the peritoneum from any cause. This includes localized inflammatory reactions caused by trauma or chemicals as well as intra-abdominal infection caused by mi
Subacute bacterial peritonitis: diagnosis and treatment - adapted from the Mayo Clinic Proceedings, April 1995 - Tips from Other Journals
Since the first description of subacute bacterial peritonitis over 20 years ago, the associated mortality rate has markedly decreased. However, subacute ...

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