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Rhabdomyosarcoma

A rhabdomyosarcoma is a type of cancer, specifically a sarcoma (cancer of connective tissues), in which the cancer cells arise from skeletal muscle. It can also be found attached to muscle tissue, wrapped around intestines, or anywhere, to include the neck area. more...

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It is most common in children ages one to five, and teens aged 15 to 19, although quite rare in the latter.

It can be a cardiac manifestation of tuberous sclerosis.

Diagnosis

When rhabdomyosarcoma is suspected, tests will be run for blood, muscle, and marrow.

Diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma depends on recognition of differentiation toward skeletal muscle cells. The protein myo D1 is a protein normally found in developing skeletal muscle cells which disappears after the muscle matures and becomes innervated by a nerve. Thus, myo D1 is not found in normal skeletal muscle and serves as a useful histochemical marker of rhabdomyosarcoma.

Treatment

Treatment for rhabdomyosarcoma consists of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The prognosis is good for any patients being as the cancer generally responds very well to chemotherapy. Some cases show a 75 percent reduction after the first and second rounds of chemotherapy. Some patients have shown a 90% decrease in the size of their tumors within a few months after chemotherapy. Usually surgery is required after chemotherapy to remove existing cancer, although some cases have shown the disease to be so reduced that no surgery is necessary following chemotherapy.

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21st Century Complete Medical Guide to Childhood Cancer (including Neuroblastoma, Brain, Bone, Blood Cancers, Retinoblastoma, Rhabdomyosarcoma, and others) ... on Diagnosis and Treatment Options $16.50 Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer : Rhabdomyosarcoma $5.99
Rhabdomyosarcoma and Related Tumors in Children and Adolescents $79.99

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the ear
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Update on childhood rhabdomyosarcoma - Tips - Author Abstract
Approximately 7 percent of childhood malignancies are soft tissue sarcomas. One half of these malignancies are rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) originating in ...
Testicular embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma with metastasis to the lung: first reported pediatric case
INTRODUCTION: We report a rare case of testicular rhabdomyosarcoma with endobronchial metastases in a 14-year old male who presented with shortness of breath and fatigue. Multiple nodular densities
Protocol for the examination of specimens from patients (children and young adults) with rhabdomyosarcoma
The College of American Pathologists offers these protocols to assist pathologists in providing clinically useful and relevant information when reporting ...
Primary cutaneous alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the perineum
Primary alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) involving perineal skin is extremely rare, particularly in the infant age group. We report a case of an alveolar ...
Primary meningeal rhabdomyosarcoma in a child with hypomelanosis of Ito
Intracranial rhabdomyosarcomas are rare neoplasms, and those thought to be primary meningeal tumors are even more rare. Hypomelanosis of lto is a neurocutaneous ...
Rhabdomyosarcoma mimicking acute leukemia / In reply
To the Editor.-We read with interest the case report by Douglas Kahn, MD, in the April 1998 issue of the ARCHIVES1 This phenomenon is well-- recognized ...
Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the female breast: Report of a case and review of the literature
We report the case of a primary breast rhabdomyosarcoma in a 51-year-old white woman. The tumor occupied the upper outer quadrant of the right breast.

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