Cowpox virus
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Cowpox

Cowpox is a disease of the skin caused by a virus (Cowpox virus) that is related to the Vaccinia virus. The ailment manifests itself in the form of red blisters and is transmitted by touch from cows to humans. The virus that causes cowpox was used to perform the first successful vaccination against another disease. The disease vaccinated against was the deadly smallpox, which is caused by the related Variola virus. Therefore the word "vaccination" has the Latin root vaca meaning cow. more...

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In 1798 the rural English physician Edward Jenner made a curious observation. His patients who had contracted and recovered from cowpox, a disease similar to but much milder than smallpox, seemed to be immune not only to further cases of cowpox, but also to smallpox. By scratching the fluid from cowpox lesions into the skin of healthy individuals, he was able to immunize those people against smallpox.

The Cowpox (Catpox) virus is found in Europe and mainly in the UK. Human cases are very rare and most often contracted from domestic cats. The virus is not commonly found in cows; the reservoir hosts for the virus are woodland rodents particularly voles. It is from these rodents that domestic cats contract the virus. Symptoms of infection with cowpox virus in humans are localized, pustular lesions generally found on the hands and limited to the site of introduction. The incubation period is 9-10 days. The virus is prevalent in late summer and autumn.

Historical use

Cowpox was the original vaccine of sorts for smallpox. after infection with the disease, the body (usually) gains the ability of recognising the similar small pox virus from its antibodies and so is able to fight the smallpox disease much more efficiently.

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Edward Jenner's Cowpox Vaccine: The History of a Medical Myth $79.26 The fatal effects of cow-pox protection: Manifested by a narrative of the occurrences which have recently happened at Ringwood, in Hampshire
Crimes of the cowpox ring: [microform] Dr Jenner and the Cowpox (Literary Land)
An address to the medical practitioners of Ireland, on the subject of vaccination: With an appendix containing an abstract of correspondence with many ... professional gentlemen in Ireland On the origin of the vaccine inoculation
A lecture on cowpox & vaccination and its after-treatment: With a few words on smallpox : (suggested by, and published with the same object as, The health ... lately delivered at the Midland Institute) Guard against cowpox-its history (Leaflet / Kansas Cooperative Extension Service)
Cowpox (Circular V-374 Rev) Observations on the pernicious consequences of cowpox inoculation: Containing many well authenticated instances, proving its insecurity against the smallpox ... on the advantages of small-pox inoculation

Cowpox with severe generalized eruption, Finland - Dispatches
Cowpox with a severe, generalized eruption was diagnosed in an atopic 4-year-old girl by electron microscopy, virus isolation, polymerase chain reaction, ...
Cowpox it's not - Letters - Letter to the Editor
"The Vaccinia Dilemma" (SN: 4/5/03, p. 218) twice refers to vaccinia as "cowpox virus." The two are actually two separate viruses. It is unclear exactly ...
Rat-to-human transmission of Cowpox infection - Dispatches
We isolated Cowpox virus (CPXV) from the ulcerative eyelid lesions of a 14-year-old girl, who had cared for a clinically ill wild rat that later died.
Brave new drug: compound stops cowpox and smallpox viruses - Brief Article
By cloaking an antiviral drug in a fat molecule, scientists have developed a new compound that people might someday swallow to ward off smallpox. A vaccine against smallpox exists, but government
Japanese color woodcut print advertising the effectiveness of cowpox vaccine - Brief Article
In 1849, 18 years before the Meiji Revolution, cowpox vaccination was first successful in Nagasaki, which was the only city open to foreign visitors ...
A mouse model of aerosol-transmitted orthopoxviral disease: Morphology of experimental aerosol-transmitted orthopoxviral disease in a cowpox virus-BALB/c
Objectives.-To determine the morphologic changes and disease progression of aerosolized cowpox virus infection in BALB/c mice and to ascertain the suitability ...
Passatempo virus, a vaccinia virus strain, Brazil
Passatempo virus was isolated during a zoonotic outbreak. Biologic features and molecular characterization of hemagglutinin, thymidine kinase, and vaccinia ...
Overview on Cattle Diseases
Most of what can go wrong with cows can be found in one of four categories of illness. What many people don't realize is the same illnesses can spread ...

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