Find information on thousands of medical conditions and prescription drugs.

Myopathy

In medicine, a myopathy is a neuromuscular disease in which the muscle fibers dysfunction for any one of many reasons, resulting in muscular weakness. "Myopathy" simply means disorder ("pathy" from pathology) of muscle ("myo"). This implies that the primary defect is within the muscle, as opposed to the nerves ("neuropathies" or "neurogenic" disorders) or elsewhere (e.g., the brain etc.). Muscle cramps, stiffness, and spasm can also be associated with myopathy. more...

Home
Diseases
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
Mac Ardle disease
Macroglobulinemia
Macular degeneration
Mad cow disease
Maghazaji syndrome
Mal de debarquement
Malaria
Malignant hyperthermia
Mallory-Weiss syndrome
Malouf syndrome
Mannosidosis
Marburg fever
Marfan syndrome
MASA syndrome
Mast cell disease
Mastigophobia
Mastocytosis
Mastoiditis
MAT deficiency
Maturity onset diabetes...
McArdle disease
McCune-Albright syndrome
Measles
Mediterranean fever
Megaloblastic anemia
MELAS
Meleda Disease
Melioidosis
Melkersson-Rosenthal...
Melophobia
Meniere's disease
Meningioma
Meningitis
Mental retardation
Mercury (element)
Mesothelioma
Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic disorder
Metachondromatosis
Methylmalonic acidemia
Microcephaly
Microphobia
Microphthalmia
Microscopic polyangiitis
Microsporidiosis
Microtia, meatal atresia...
Migraine
Miller-Dieker syndrome
Mitochondrial Diseases
Mitochondrial...
Mitral valve prolapse
Mobius syndrome
MODY syndrome
Moebius syndrome
Molluscum contagiosum
MOMO syndrome
Mondini Dysplasia
Mondor's disease
Monoclonal gammopathy of...
Morquio syndrome
Motor neuron disease
Motorphobia
Moyamoya disease
MPO deficiency
MR
Mucopolysaccharidosis
Mucopolysaccharidosis...
Mullerian agenesis
Multiple chemical...
Multiple endocrine...
Multiple hereditary...
Multiple myeloma
Multiple organ failure
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple system atrophy
Mumps
Muscular dystrophy
Myalgic encephalomyelitis
Myasthenia gravis
Mycetoma
Mycophobia
Mycosis fungoides
Myelitis
Myelodysplasia
Myelodysplastic syndromes
Myelofibrosis
Myeloperoxidase deficiency
Myoadenylate deaminase...
Myocarditis
Myoclonus
Myoglobinuria
Myopathy
Myopia
Myositis
Myositis ossificans
Myxedema
Myxozoa
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Medicines

Classes

Because myopathy is such a general term, there are several classes of myopathy. (ICD-10 codes are provided where available.)

  • (G71.0) "Dystrophies" ("muscular dystrophies") are a subgroup of myopathies characterized by muscle degeneration and regeneration. Clinically, muscular dystrophies are typically progressive, since the muscles ability to regenerate is eventually lost, leading to progressive weakness, often leading to confinement to a wheelchair, and eventually death, usually related to respiratory insuficiency (i.e., weak breathing).
  • (G71.1) Myotonia
    • Neuromyotonia
  • (G71.2) The congenital myopathies do not show evidence for either a progressive dystrophic process (i.e., muscle death) or inflamation, but instead characteristic microscopic changes are seen in association with reduced contractile ability of the muscles. Among others, different congenital myopathies include:
    • (G71.2) "nemaline myopathy" (characterized by pressense of "nemaline rods" in the muscle),
    • (G71.2) multi/minicore myopathy (characterized by multiple small "cores" or areas of disruption in the muscle fibers),
    • (G71.2) "Centronuclear myopathy" (or "myotubular") (in which the nuclei are abnormally found in the center of the muscle fibers) is a rare muscle wasting disorder that occurs in three forms:
      • The most severe form is present at birth, inherited as an X-linked genetic trait, and presents with severe respiratory muscle weakness.
      • A less severe form of myotubular myopathy that may be present at birth or in early childhood progresses slowly and is inherited as an autosomal recessive genetic trait.
      • The least severe of the three forms of myotubular myopathy presents between the first and third decades of life and is slowly progressive; it is inherited as an autosomal dominant genetic trait.
  • (G71.3) "Mitochondrial myopathies" are due to defects in mitochondria which provide a critical source of energy for muscle.
  • (G72.3) Familial periodic paralysis
  • (G72.4) "Inflammatory myopathies" are caused by problems with the immune system attacking components of the muscle, leading to signs of inflamation in the muscle.
  • (G73.6) "Metabolic myopathies" result from defects in biochemical metabolism that primarily affect muscle
    • (G73.6/E74.0) Glycogen storage diseases may affect muscle
    • (G73.6/E75) Lipid storage disorder
  • (M33.0-M33.1) Dermatomyositis, (M33.2) polymyositis, inclusion body myositis, and related myopathies
  • (M61) Myositis ossificans
  • (M62.89) Rhabdomyolysis and (R82.1) myoglobinurias
  • Common muscle (R25.2) cramps and (M25.6) stiffness, and (R29.0) tetany

Read more at Wikipedia.org


[List your site here Free!]


Influenza vaccine does not produce myopathy in patients taking statins - Letter to the Editor
From Journal of Family Practice, 11/1/02 by Bibiana Chazan

TO THE EDITOR:

Influenza is an acute febrile illness caused by infection with influenza virus A&B. Clinical manifestations are fever, myalgia, and cough. Myositis (symptomatic or laboratory confirmed) and rhabdomyolysis have also been reported. (1) Influenza vaccine is recommended for populations at increased risk for developing complications.

Myopathic syndromes are one of the major adverse effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors ("statins"). Only 1 case of rhabdomyolysis after influenza vaccine in a patient using statins has been reported. (2) We attempted to determine if influenza vaccine given to patients treated with statins causes asymptomatic or symptomatic myopathy.

Our study was conducted in outpatient rural clinics of Clalit Health Services in north Israel, during October 2001. Patients were eligible if they were at least 50 years of age and had received an influenza vaccine. A 5-mL blood sample for creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and aldolase levels was obtained before and 5 to 7 days after vaccination. Clinical and demographic data as well as reactions after the vaccination were recorded. We studied 98 patients: 52 who received statins and 46 controls. Their mean age was 69.7 years (range, 50-91 years). Clinical and demographic characteristics were similar in both groups.

Local reactions (tabor, pain, mild swelling) were reported in 20 patients (20.2%): 7 in the statin group and 13 in the control group (P = NS). These reactions improved after a few days without treatment. Only 2 patients (2%) (1 in each group) had myalgia. CPK and aldolase levels were measured before and after influenza vaccination for the entire study population and were analyzed separately by sex (because of sex differences in total muscle mass and normal ranges). CPK levels increased slightly, but not significantly, alter influenza vaccination in both groups of female patients, and in male patients only in the control group. The only significant change observed was an increase in aldolase levels after influenza vaccine in female control subjects (P = .013). All CPK and aldolase values before and alter vaccination were within normal ranges.

Thus, we found no indication in this pilot stud that influenza vaccination causes clinical or laboratory evidence of myopathy in patients taking statins.

REFERENCES

(1.) Middleton PJ, Alexander RM, Szymanski MT. Severn myositis during recovery from influenza. Lancer 1970: 2:533-5.

(2.) Plotkin E, Bernheim J, Ben-Chetrit S, Mor A, Korzets Z, Influenza vaccine--a possible trigger of rhabdomyolysis induced acute renal failure due to the combined use of cerivastatin and bezafibrate Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000; 15:740-1.

COPYRIGHT 2002 Dowden Health Media, Inc.
COPYRIGHT 2002 Gale Group

Return to Myopathy
Home Contact Resources Exchange Links ebay