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Aortic coarctation

Aortic coarctation is narrowing of the aorta in the area where the ductus arteriosus (ligamentum arteriosum after regression) inserts. more...

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Types

There are two types:

  1. Preductal coarctation: this occurs in children, with an increased risk in Turner syndrome. The word preductal means that the narrowing is anterior to the ligamentum arteriosum.
  2. Post-ductal coarctation: this is mainly seen in adults.

Signs, symptoms and diagnosis

Arterial hypertension in the left arm with normal to low blood pressure in the right arm is classic. Poor peripheral pulses, especially of right carotid artery and the femoral arteries, may be found in severe cases.

On chest X-ray, resorption of the lower part of the ribs may be seen, due to increased blood flow over the neurovascular bundle that runs there. Coarctation of the aorta can be accurately diagnosed with magnetic resonance angiography or echocardiogram.

Therapy

Therapy is conservative if asymptomatic, but may require surgical resection of the narrow segment if there is arterial hypertension. In some cases angioplasty can be performed to dilate the narrowed artery. If the coarctation is left untreated, arterial hypertension may become permanent due to irreversible changes in some organs (such as the kidney).

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Noninvasive imaging for the postoperative assessment of aortic coarctation patients
To the Editor: We read with great interest the 'article by Hager et al (October 2004), (1) who report comparable usefulness of helical CT (HCT) scanning ...
Comparison of helical CT scanning and MRI in the follow-up of adults with coarctation of the aorta
To the Editor: Vriend et al (1) outlined in their letter to the editor that the capabilities of MRI are not only limited to a detailed imaging of the entire aorta but also allow functional flow m
Coarctation of the aorta
A defect that develops in the fetus in which there is a narrowing of the aortic arch, the main blood artery that delivers blood from the left ventricle ...
Noninvasive imaging modalities in coarctation of the aorta
Coarctation of the aorta is characterized by narrowing of the aorta just distal to the left subclavian artery. It has a male preponderance and is frequently ...
Follow-up of adults with coarctation of the aorta : comparison of helical CT and MRI, and impact on assessing diameter changes
Objectives: To compare images of the aorta obtained with helical CT (HCT) scanning and MRI for the follow-up of adults with coaretation of the aorta ...
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