Levofloxacin chemical structure
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Levaquin

Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, marketed by Ortho-McNeil under the brand name Levaquin. Chemically, levofloxacin is the S-enantiomer (L-isomer) of ofloxacin. more...

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Levofloxacin is effective against a number of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Because of its broad spectrum of action, levofloxacin is frequently prescribed empirically for a wide range of infections (e.g. pneumonia, urinary tract infection) before the specific causal organism is known. If the causal organism is identified, levofloxacin is sometimes discontinued and the patient may be switched to an antibiotic with a narrower spectrum

Gram-positive bacteria

  • Enterococcus faecalis (many strains are only moderately susceptible)
  • Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-susceptible strains)
  • Staphylococcus epidermidis (methicillin-susceptible strains)
  • Staphylococcus saprophyticus
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae (including penicillin-resistant strains*)
  • Streptococcus pyogenes

Levofloxacin only has moderate Gram-positive coverage; beta-lactams (e.g. ceftriaxone) or glycopeptides (e.g. vancomycin) are generally preferred for this indication.

Gram-negative bacteria

  • Enterobacter cloacae
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • Escherichia coli
  • Legionella pneumophila
  • Serratia marcescens
  • Haemophilus influenzae
  • Moraxella catarrhalis
  • Haemophilus parainfluenzae
  • Proteus mirabilis
  • Campylobacter

Other

  • Chlamydia pneumoniae
  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Some information extracted from Levaquin Prescribing information.

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FDA grants approval for new oral solution of Levaquin
From Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 1/1/05

Levaquin[R] (levofloxacin) is FDA approved for 9 indications including the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections at a dose of 750 mg once daily. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a new, once daily formulation of Levaquin in a 25 mg/mL oral solution. The new liquid formulation provides a convenient option for adult patients who have trouble swallowing tablets, particularly those in nursing home or hospitalized settings. Levaquin is made by Ortho-McNeil c/o Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceuticals.

Levaquin Oral Solution is indicated to treat infections already approved for the tablet and intravenous formulations and is effective against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae (including all multiple drug-resistant strains), Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The new oral solution has the same efficacy as the tablet formulation. It should be taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after eating. Antacids containing magnesium or aluminum, as well as sucralfate, metal cations such as iron, and multivitamin preparations with zinc or Videx[R] (didanosine) chewable/buffered tablets or the pediatric powder for oral solution, should be taken at least 2 hours before or 2 hours after levofloxacin administration. The safety and efficacy of levofloxacin in pediatric patients, adolescents (under 18), pregnant women, and nursing mothers have not been established.

COPYRIGHT 2005 Journal of Drugs in Dermatology
COPYRIGHT 2005 Gale Group

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