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Elspar

Asparaginase (EC 3.5.1.1) is an enzyme which is used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is marketed under the brand name ElsparĀ®. It can be given intramuscularly or intravenously. more...

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Mechanism of action

The rationale behind asparaginase is that it takes advantage of the fact that ALL cells are unable to synthesize the non-essential amino acid asparagine whereas normal cells are able to make their own asparagine. These leukemic cells depend on circulating asparagine. Asparaginase however catalyzes the conversion of L-asparagine to aspartic acid and ammonia. This deprives the leukemic cell of circulating asparagine.

Side effects

The main side effect is an allergic or hypersensitivity reaction. Asparaginase has also been associated with pancreatitis. Additionally, it can also be associated with a coagulopathy as it decreases protein synthesis, including synthesis of coagulation factors and anticoagulant factor, leading to bleeding or thrombotic events.

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Merck & Co
From Pharmaceutical Technology, 9/1/05 by Laura Bush

On July 22, the US Food and Drug Administration sent a warning letter to Merck and Company (Whitehouse Station, NJ, www. merck.com) concerning the company's manufacture of an asparaginase intermediate used in the drug "Elspar" to treat acute lymphocytic leukemia.

The agency cited the company for failing to submit a supplement for a change in the production process and quality controls. Specifically, Merck prepared production cell culture from a pre-existing production cell culture instead of from the master cell culture, a change that required the company to file a prior-approval supplement. The company also instituted a re-isolation procedure for selecting cells for use in production of asparaginase intermediate without characterizing the new isolate before use in production.

FDA cited these violations in a Form 483 following a February inspection of the company's plant in Riverside, Pennsylvania. FDA issued the warning letter because it found the company's responses to the Form 483 to be inadequate.

COPYRIGHT 2005 Advanstar Communications, Inc.
COPYRIGHT 2005 Gale Group

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