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Tazarotene

Tazorotene commonly called Tazorac is a prescription topical retinoid sold as a cream or gel. This medication is approved for treatment of Psoriasis, Acne and sun damaged skin (Photodamage). It is commonly sold in two concentrations: 0.05% and 0.1%. more...

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Common side effects include worsening of acne, dry skin, itchiness, redness and in some cases extreme drying and cracking of skin. For most patients these side-effect are uncomfortable but mild and decrease markedly after the first 2-4 weeks of use.

For best results dermatologists recommend applying the cream or gel once daily before bedtime after washing the face with a mild soap.

Acne

When treating acne Tazarotene may be taken in conjunction with an oral antibiotic. To prevent resistance to the antibiotics a topical retinoid must be used. Results take at least 12 weeks to see optimum improvement. While Tazarotene's exact mechanism of action is unknown, it is thought that its effect on acne may be in part due to a reduction in sebum production.

Photodamage

Tazarotene has recently been approved for the treatment of photodamaged skin. Tazarotene has been shown in peer-reviewed double blinded studies to reduce: mottling and hyperpigmentation, sallowness, fine wrinkling and coarse wrinkling in sun damaged skin. Histological studies have shown that long term (greater than 1 year) use of Tazarotene is associated with a significant reduction in atypical melanocytes and keratocytes - cells considered to be precursors of skin cancer. Some studies have shown long term use of Tazarotene to be associated with increased collagen production and better organization of skin collagen bundles.

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This study compares the efficacy of tacalcitol plus PUVA, tazarotene plus PUVA and PUVA, monotherapy in patients with chronic plaque-type psoriasis - Washington
From Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 1/1/03

THIS STUDY COMPARES THE EFFICACY OF TACALCITOL plus PUVA, tazarotene plus PUVA and PUVA, monotherapy in patients with chronic plaque-type psoriasis. Duration of remission of each regimine was also evaluated. 31 patients with chronic plaque-type psoriasis were included in this observer-blinded, intrapatient comparison trial. PUVA treatment was given four times weekly. Additionally, tacalcitol ointment and 0.1% tazarotene gel were applied separately on two target areas once daily in the evening. At the onset of therapy and every 2 weeks thereafter the response to treatment was determined by the PASI score. After complete or near complete clearing patients were followed-up until relapse. A total of 24 patients completed the study. The treatment requirements to induce complete or near complete clearing were significantly lower for both combination treatments than for PUVA monotherapy (P <0.01). The median cumulative UVA dose and number of exposures were 30.6 J cm-2 (95% confidence interval, CI 22.5-71.2) and 14 (95% CI 11-16) for tacalcitol plus PUVA, 32.3 J cm-2 (95% CI 22.5-73.8) and 14 (95% CI 11-19) for tazarotene plus PUVA, and 37.0 J cm-2 (95% CI 29.5-83.9) and 16 (95% CI 14-22) for PUVA monotherapy. No difference between the three regimens was observed with regard to duration of remission. Adverse reactions occurred more often with 0.1% tazarotene than with tacalcitol but were in general mild and completely reversible upon using a lower concentration of 0.05% tazarotene.

Tacalcitol ointment and tazarotene gel are both comparably effective in improving the therapeutic result of PUVA therapy in patients with chronic plaque-type psoriasis. Besides accelerating the treatment response, both agents, by virtue of their UVA dose-sparing effect, might also help to reduce possible long-term hazards of PUVA treatment.

Tzaneva S, Honigsmann H, Tanew A. A comparison of psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) monotherapy, tacalcitol plus PUVA and tazarotene plus PUVA in patients with chronic plaque-type psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2002 Oct; 147(4):748-53.

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