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Basiliximab

Basiliximab (Simulect) is a chimeric mouse-human monoclonal antibody to the IL-2Rα receptor of T cells. It is used to prevent rejection in organ transplantation, especially in kidney transplants. It is a Novartis Pharmaceuticals product and was approved by the FDA in 1998. more...

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It is given in two doses, the first within 2 hours of the start of the transplant operation and the second 4 days after the transplant. These saturate the receptors and prevent T cell activation and thus prevent formation of antibodies against the transplant.

Like the similar drug daclizumab, basiliximab reduces the incidence and severity of acute rejection in kidney transplantation without increasing the incidence of opportunistic infections. In the United Kingdom, the National Institute for Clinical Excellence has recommended its use be considered for all kidney transplant recipients.

References & Notes

^ IL-2Rα receptor is also known as the CD25 T-cell antigen
^ Novartis product page for Simulect (basiliximab for injection) . Retrieved 2005-03-09.
^ Waldman, Thomas A. (2003). Immunotherapy: past, present and future. Nature Medicine 9, 269-277.

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Preliminary Data Regarding The Use Of Interleukin-2 Receptor Antibodies In Lung Transplantation - Daclizumab & Basiliximab - Abstract
From CHEST, 10/1/99 by Javier A Jover

Purpose: Daclizumab and Basiliximab have been demonstrated to decrease the frequency of acute rejection(AR) in the first 6 months after renal transplantation without side effects. Preliminary data on the use of these drugs for induction immunosuppression in lung transplantation was reviewed in 19 consecutive lung transplant recipients at this institution.

Methods: Daclizumab was administered to a total of 9 patients: 5 double lung (DLT) and 4 single lung (SLT) transplant recipients. Basiliximab was given to a total of 10 patients: 4 DLT and 6 SLT. Both drugs were administered using published standard regimens. The first dose in both groups was given at the time of surgery. The incidence of AR during the first 6 months post transplant and potential complications of immunosupression were evaluated (frequency of significant infection, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia).

Results:

Conclusion: Hematopoietic side effects were not seen. The frequency of AR with induction Daclizumab or Basiliximab therapy seems increased relative to renal transplantation. The frequency of acute rejection episodes in the Daclizumab group appeared higher in the DLT recipients while it was equally distributed between DLT and SLT recipients in the Basiliximab group.

Clinical Implications: Controlled studies evaluating the benefits of the use of either Daclizumab or Basiliximab in lung transplantation are warranted. The value of these drugs in induction immunosuppression in lung requires close scrutiny of efficacy and consideration of dosage review.

Javier A Jover, MD(*) and A E Frost, MD. Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine & The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX.3

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