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Estradiol (17-beta estradiol) is a sex hormone. Labelled the "female" hormone but also present in males it represents the major estrogen in humans. Critical for sexual functioning, estradiol also supports bone growth. more...

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Synthesis

Estradiol, like other sex steroids, is derived from cholesterol. After side chain cleavage and either utilizing the delta-5 pathway or the delta-4 pathway androstenedione is the key intermediary. Androstendione is either converted to testosterone which in turn undergoes aromatization to estradiol, or, alternatively, androstendione is aromatized to estrone which is converted to estradiol.

Conversion of testosterone to estradiol:

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Galen Holdings - Chain Pharmacy: Supplier News - Brief Article
From Drug Store News, 4/28/03 by James Frederick

Galen Holdings last month received Food and Drug Administration approval for its Femring (estradiol acetate vaginal ring), the first vaginal estrogen product indicated to treat both hot flashes and vaginal symptoms associated with menopause. Galen plans to introduce Femring in June.

In other news, U.S. antitrust enforcers cleared Pfizer's proposal to sell three of its women's health drugs to Galen, including two oral contraceptives--Estrostep and Loestrin--and the hormone replacement therapy drug Femhrt, for a reported $359 million initially.

Galen will pay an additional $125 million if Estrostep and Femhrt fend off challenges from generic drug makers until their patents expire in 2008 and 2010, respectively, Pfizer has reported.

COPYRIGHT 2003 Reproduced with permission of the copyright holder. Further reproduction or distribution is prohibited without permission.
COPYRIGHT 2003 Gale Group

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