Doxycycline chemical structure
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Doryx


Doxycycline is a member of the tetracycline antibiotics group and is commonly used to treat a variety of infections. Brand names include Monodox®, Periostat®, Vibramycin®, Vibra-Tabs®, Doryx®, and Atridox® (topical doxycycline hyclate for gum disease). more...

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Indicated uses

As well as the general indications for all members of the tetracycline antibiotics group, Doxycycline is frequently used to treat chronic prostatitis, sinusitis, syphilis, pelvic inflammatory disease, acne and rosacea. In addition it is used in the treatment and prophylaxis of Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) and malaria.

It is also effective against Yersinia pestis (the infectious agent of bubonic plague) and is prescribed for the treatment of Lyme disease and Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

Cautions and Side efects

Are as for other members of the tetracycline antibiotics group. However the 10% risk of photosensitivity skin reactions is of particular importance for those intending long-term use for malaria prophylaxis.

Unlike some other members of the group, it may be used in those with renal impairment.

Experimental applications

At subantimicrobial doses, doxycycline is an inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases, and has been used in various experimental systems for this purpose.

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Early lyme disease
From OB/GYN News, 7/1/04 by Mitchel L. Zoler

Management of Lyme disease focuses on treatment rather than prevention. A vaccine for Lyme disease, which was seemingly safe and effective but also carried a high price tag, was pulled from the market in February 2002 because of low sales and concerns about possible complications.

Infection with Lyme disease is characterized as early or late. Early infection refers to symptoms within 6 months of a bite from an infected tick; late-stage Lyme disease refers to symptoms that have persisted for 6 months or longer. Erythema migrans, the characteristic bull's-eye rash, appears only in the early stage; neurologic involvement may develop at any time. Lyme disease is not contagious and is rarely, if ever, fatal.

The ideal time to treat Lyme disease is in the early phase. Oral dosing with doxycycline or amoxicillin is the treatment of choice for most patients. The optimal duration of treatment for early disease remains controversial. The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) in 2000 recommended initial treatment with oral antibiotics for 14-21 days, but some experts now suggest treatment for 10-14 days is adequate. They cite study results showing that a 10-day course of doxycycline was as effective as treatment for 20 days.

For patients who realize they've been bitten by a tick that has been attached and feeding for some time (more than 48 hours), a single 200-mg dose of doxycycline taken with food has been shown to be 87% effective in preventing Lyme disease. However, since only one-third of Lyme disease patients recall a tick bite, the absence of a bite in a patient's history does not rule out Lyme disease. Guidelines on treating Lyme disease from the IDSA were published in 2000 (Clin. Infect. Dis. 31[suppl. 1]:S1-14, 2000).

--Mitchel L. Zoler, Editor

--Heidi Splete, Writer

COPYRIGHT 2004 International Medical News Group
COPYRIGHT 2004 Gale Group

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