Molecular structure of ibuprofen3D model of (R)-ibuprofen
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Motrin

Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) widely marketed under various trademarks including Act-3, Advil, Brufen, Motrin, Nuprin, and Nurofen; a standing joke about some athletes' regular use has produced "Vitamin I" as a slang term for it. It is used for relief of symptoms of arthritis, primary dysmenorrhoea, and fever; and as an analgesic, especially where there is an inflammatory component. Ibuprofen was developed by the research arm of Boots Group. more...

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Clinical use

Low doses of ibuprofen (200 mg, and sometimes 400 mg) are available over the counter (OTC) in most countries. Ibuprofen has a dose-dependent duration of action of approximately 4–8 hours, which is longer than suggested by its short half-life. The recommended dose varies with body mass and indication. Generally, the oral dose is 200–400 mg (5–10 mg/kg in children) every 4–6 hours, up to a usual maximum daily dose of 800–1200 mg. Under medical direction, a maximum daily dose of 3200 mg may sometimes be used.

Indications

Approved clinical indications for ibuprofen include:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (DMARDs should also be considered)
  • Osteoarthritis, ibuprofen can reduce pain and, if present, joint inflammation
  • Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, alone or with corticosteroids
  • Morbus Bechterew (spondylitis ankylosans) together with corticosteroids
  • Rheumatic fever, together with antibiotic therapy
  • Acute gout attack, ibuprofen is not useful for chronic treatment
  • Primary dysmenorrhoea (ibuprofen proved superior to placebo and propoxyphen, and at least as effective as aspirin)
  • Fever
  • Pericarditis, chiefly after myocardial infarction, to reduce pain, fever and inflammation
  • Minor aches and pains such as toothache, backache, fever and pain associated with common flu, symptomatic relief of influenza, shingles, and postoperative pain
  • Sporting injuries and pain after mild to moderate trauma
  • Headache including mild to moderate migraine attack

Off-Label and investigational use

  • As with other NSAIDs, ibuprofen may be useful in the treatment of severe orthostatic hypotension (PMID 7041104)
  • In some studies, ibuprofen showed superior results compared to placebo in the prophylaxis of Alzheimer's disease, when given in low doses over a long time (PMID 16195368). Further studies are needed to confirm the results, before ibuprofen can be recommended for this indication.
  • Ibuprofen has been associated with a lower risk of Parkinson's disease, and may delay or prevent Parkinson's disease. Aspirin, other NSAIDs, and acetaminophen had no effect on the risk for Parkinson's (PMID 16240369). Further research is warranted before recommending ibuprofen for this use.

Ibuprofen lysine

In Europe and Australia, ibuprofen lysine (ibuprofenlysinat, the lysine salt of ibuprofen) is licensed for treatment of the same conditions as ibuprofen. Ibuprofen lysine is said to have a more rapid onset of action compared to base ibuprofen.

Mechanism of action

Ibuprofen is an NSAID which is believed to work through inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX); thus inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. As with other NSAIDs, ibuprofen inhibits platelet aggregation, but is not used therapeutically for this action since it is a minor and reversible effect.

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Women building a future: when people work together, great things can happen. Three dedicated volunteers with Habitat for Humanity talk about the rewards
From Better Homes & Gardens, 10/1/04

What drives a woman to pick up a hammer and demolish the second floor of a house? For Katrina Sullivan, the catalyst was Habitat for Humanity, as it is for thousands of women across the country. While helping low-income families build homes of their own, volunteers like Katrina are becoming adept at everything from demolition to laying floor tile.

Using Constructive Energy

With no background in home building or remodeling, Jane Anderson dove right into her first Habitat project, doing tasks such as mixing concrete and hanging drywall. "It's back-breaking work but a lot of fun," she says. While some of the tabor seemed scary at first, she was quickly reassured. Habitats construction supervisors and crew leaders are adept at teaching volunteers.

Empowering Women

"Women don't always feel comfortable taking on the more technical jobs on a build," explains volunteer Kori Connelly. "And due to time constraints, men who already have the know-how tend to take them on." Habitat for Humanity's Women Build program is designed to engage women in construction and give them a chance to learn new skills. As Jane notes, Habitat for Humanity has always been about instilling confidence in women by giving them the opportunity to help build their own house and make a better life for themselves and their families.

Building Relationships

All three women agree that one of the most rewarding aspects of building a Habitat house is working alongside the family who will live there. Habitat for Humanity's philosophy of giving "a hand up, not a hand out" means that the family is required to invest "sweat equity" by spending 350 hours on building Habitat houses. "Often the family has a single working mother at the helm who has to make an incredible commitment to the project. This makes the house dedication so satisfying, rewarding and exciting," says Katrina.

"There is a lot of camaraderie on the work site, You work with all kinds of different people and everyone acts as a team," explains Jane. A typical build brings together people from all walks of life and is the source of many new and long-lasting friendships.

Habitat building projects attract volunteers of all ages and abilities. "There will be a 20-year-old working next to a 80-year-old," says Kori. "And at the end of the day, everyone walks away feeling good about what they've done."

Muscling Through

There's no question that building a house is physically demanding. "I'm usually exhausted, but its the good kind of exhaustion," says Jane. "The next day I feel it in every muscle I have." Still, the sense of accomplishment she feels far outweighs the bodily aches and pains. "Seeing a house built from start to finish is amazing," she adds, "and then seeing the family move in is the ultimate reward."

The benefits also extend beyond individual houses and families. As Kori puts it, "Habitat for Humanity improves entire neighborhoods and communities that were once destitute. Now they are desirable places to live."

Do Something Constructive

Feel inspired? Want to get involved with Habitat for Humanity?

Hundreds of local affiliates across the U.S. are working with people like you to help low-income families build their own homes. Habitat welcomes all volunteers who are committed to the goal of eliminating poverty housing. To learn more, make a donation or volunteer on a Habitat for Humanity build, visit www.habitat.org or call 1-800-422-4828.

The makers of Motrin[R] IB are proud to be working with Habitat for Humanity to help a family in need build their own home and a better future. Visit www.motrinhouse.com for a look at the Habitat for Humanity house we're sponsoring in Philadelphia.

COPYRIGHT 2004 Meredith Corporation

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