Melphalan chemical structure
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Melphalan

Melphalan hydrochloride ( Alkeran®) is a chemotherapy drug belonging to the class of nitrogen mustard alkylating agents. It is used primarily to treat multiple myeloma and ovarian cancer, and occasionally malignant melanoma. Otherwise known as L-Phenylalanine Mustard, or L-PAM, melphalan is a phenylalanine derivative of mechlorethamine. The agent was first investigated as a possible drug for use in melanoma however it did not work but was found to be of use in myeloma. more...

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Administration

Oral or intravenous; dosing varies by purpose and route of administration as well as patient weight.

Side effects

Common side effects include:

  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Bone marrow suppression, including
    • Decreased white blood cell count causing increased risk of infection
    • Decreased platelet count causing increased risk of bleeding

Less common side effects include:

  • Severe allergic reactions
  • Scarring of lung tissue (usually only with prolonged use)
  • Hair loss
  • Rash
  • Itching

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Mechanism of potentiation of tumor-eradicating immunity by melphalan and by CTLA-4 blockade : (Dissertation) $55.00 Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer : Melphalan $3.10

Pharmacokinetic analysis of isolated lung perfusion with melphalan in patients with resectable pulmonary metastases
PURPOSE: Prognosis of patients with pulmonary metastases remains poor with a 5-year survival of approximately 20-40% after complete surigical resection.
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