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Cotinine

Cotinine is a break-down product of nicotine from cigarette smoke. Cotinine typically remains in the blood between 48 and 96 hours. The level of cotinine in the blood is proportionate to the amount of exposure to tobacco smoke, so it is a valuable indicator of tobacco smoke exposure, including secondary smoke. Women who smoke menthol cigarettes retain cotinine in the blood for a longer period. Race may also play a role, as blacks routinely register higher blood cotinine levels than whites. more...

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Several variable factors, such as menthol cigarette preference and puff size, suggest that the explanation for this difference may be more complex than gender or race.

Drug tests can detect cotinine in the blood, urine, or saliva.

The word 'cotinine' is an anagram of 'nicotine'.

Chemical Name: (S)-1-methyl-5-(3-pyridinyl)-2-Pyrrolidinone

Synonymes: Cotinine; (-)-Cotinine; 1-Methyl-5-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrrolidinone;

Chemical Formula: C10H12N2O

Molar mass: 176.22 g/mol

There is some research being done on the memory and brain-function improving effects of cotinine. Cotinine (as well as nicotine) appears to improve memory function, and prevent cell death. For this reason it has been studied for effectiveness in treating Alzheimer's disease.

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Did You Know? - illegal immigrants, cotinine decrease, women in politics - Brief Article - Statistical Data Included
From Insight on the News, 4/23/01

* Instead of the official census estimate of 6 million, researchers now say the number of illegal immigrants in the U.S. may be between 9 million and 11 million (latest findings reported in the Christian Science Monitor).

* Scientists testing blood and urine in a nationwide sampling of Americans found a 75 percent decrease in the presence of cotinine since 1991. Cotinine, a metabolite created when the body processes miotine, is said to be an indicator of exposure to secondhand smoke (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report).

* Women, particularly Democrats, face difficulties in winning governorships or the presidency because voters question their toughness and leadership abilities (study by Celinda Lake, a Democratic pollster, Linda DiVall, a Republican pollster, and Democratic researcher Mary Hughes).

COPYRIGHT 2001 News World Communications, Inc.
COPYRIGHT 2001 Gale Group

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