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Cotinine

Cotinine is a break-down product of nicotine from cigarette smoke. Cotinine typically remains in the blood between 48 and 96 hours. The level of cotinine in the blood is proportionate to the amount of exposure to tobacco smoke, so it is a valuable indicator of tobacco smoke exposure, including secondary smoke. Women who smoke menthol cigarettes retain cotinine in the blood for a longer period. Race may also play a role, as blacks routinely register higher blood cotinine levels than whites. more...

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Several variable factors, such as menthol cigarette preference and puff size, suggest that the explanation for this difference may be more complex than gender or race.

Drug tests can detect cotinine in the blood, urine, or saliva.

The word 'cotinine' is an anagram of 'nicotine'.

Chemical Name: (S)-1-methyl-5-(3-pyridinyl)-2-Pyrrolidinone

Synonymes: Cotinine; (-)-Cotinine; 1-Methyl-5-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrrolidinone;

Chemical Formula: C10H12N2O

Molar mass: 176.22 g/mol

There is some research being done on the memory and brain-function improving effects of cotinine. Cotinine (as well as nicotine) appears to improve memory function, and prevent cell death. For this reason it has been studied for effectiveness in treating Alzheimer's disease.

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Treating nondepressed smokers with alcohol dependence in sustained full remission: nicotine patch therapy tailored to baseline serum cotinine *. : An article from: Journal of Studies on Alcohol $5.95 Cotinine concentrations in semen, urine, and blood of smokers and nonsmokers (SuDoc EP 1.23/6:600/J-94/026)
Does pooling saliva for cotinine testing save money without losing information? (Rand note) (Rand note)

Children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in the home: comparison of urine cotinine and parental reports
The authors examined the relationship between parent-reported estimates of children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the home and children's ...
Tobacco smoke exposure and serum cotinine in a random sample of adults living in Verona, Italy
In this study, the authors attempted to validate answers to smoking-habit questions contained in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey questionnaire.
Predictors of Cotinine Levels in US Children - .measurement of passive smoke exposure - )
Data From the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Study objective: To determine what factors predict cotinine levels in US children.
Cotinine, thioether, and glucuronide excretion among active and passive bidi smokers in India
The authors examined biomarkers for environmental tobacco smoke exposure (ETS) from bidis (Indian cigarettes) among male smokers, their nonsmoking female ...
Did You Know? - illegal immigrants, cotinine decrease, women in politics - Brief Article - Statistical Data Included
Instead of the official census estimate of 6 million, researchers now say the number of illegal immigrants in the U.S. may be between 9 million and ...
Predictors Of Cotinine Levels In Children In The United States: Data From The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994 - Abstract
David M Mannino, MD(*); Ralph Caraballo, PhD; Neal Benowitz, MD and James Repace, MS. Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA; University of California ...
Urinary levels of nicotine & cotinine in tobacco users
Background & objectives: Of the various biochemical markers used to validate the smoking status of a person, nicotine and continine are considered as good markers for both active and passive smoking.
Children's exposure to passive smoking in England since the 1980s: cotinine evidence from population surveys - Statistical Data Included
Children's exposure to second-hand cigarette smoke in 1998 was only half what it was in 1988, according to a study of schoolchildren in both years. Smoke ...

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